Bristol's Backyard Vineyards: Foot-Stomping Grapes in City Spaces
Every 20 minutes or so, an older diesel-powered train arrives at a graffiti-covered stop. Nearby, a police siren cuts through the near-constant traffic drone. Commuters rush by collapsing, ivy-draped fencing panels as storm clouds form.
It is maybe the last place you expect to find a well-established grape-growing plot. However one local grower has managed to 40 mature vines heavy with plump mauve berries on a rambling allotment sandwiched between a row of 1930s houses and a local rail line just above Bristol town centre.
"I've noticed individuals concealing illegal substances or other items in the shrubbery," states the grower. "Yet you simply continue ... and keep tending to your grapevines."
Bayliss-Smith, forty-six, a filmmaker who also has a kombucha drinks business, is among several urban winemaker. He's organized a loose collective of cultivators who make wine from several discreet city grape gardens nestled in back gardens and allotments across Bristol. It is too clandestine to have an official name so far, but the collective's WhatsApp group is named Grape Expectations.
Urban Wine Gardens Around the World
To date, the grower's plot is the only one listed in the Urban Vineyards Association's upcoming world atlas, which includes more famous urban wineries such as the 1,800 plants on the hillsides of Paris's historic artistic district area and more than three thousand vines overlooking and inside the Italian city. The Italian-based charitable organization is at the forefront of a initiative reviving city vineyards in traditional winemaking countries, but has discovered them throughout the globe, including urban centers in Japan, South Asia and Central Asia.
"Grape gardens assist urban areas stay more eco-friendly and ecologically varied. They preserve open space from development by creating long-term, productive farming plots inside cities," explains the organization's leader.
Similar to other vintages, those created in cities are a product of the soils the plants grow in, the vagaries of the climate and the individuals who care for the grapes. "Each vintage embodies the charm, local spirit, environment and history of a city," notes the president.
Unknown Polish Grapes
Back in the city, the grower is in a race against time to harvest the grapevines he cultivated from a cutting abandoned in his garden by a Polish family. If the precipitation comes, then the birds may seize their chance to feast again. "Here we have the enigmatic Polish variety," he comments, as he cleans bruised and mouldy grapes from the shimmering bunches. "The variety remains uncertain what variety they are, but they are certainly hardy. In contrast to premium grapes – Pinot Noir, white wine grapes and additional renowned European varieties – you need not treat them with chemicals ... this could be a unique cultivar that was developed by the Soviets."
Collective Efforts Across the City
The other members of the collective are also taking advantage of bright periods between showers of fall precipitation. On the terrace with views of the city's shimmering harbour, where medieval merchant vessels once bobbed with barrels of wine from France and the Iberian peninsula, one cultivator is collecting her rondo grapes from about 50 vines. "I love the aroma of these vines. It is so evocative," she says, stopping with a container of fruit slung over her shoulder. "It's the scent of southern France when you open the car windows on holiday."
The humanitarian worker, 52, who has devoted more than 20 years working for humanitarian organizations in war-torn regions, unexpectedly took over the grape garden when she moved back to the UK from Kenya with her family in 2018. She experienced an strong responsibility to look after the vines in the yard of their new home. "This vineyard has already survived three different owners," she explains. "I deeply appreciate the concept of environmental care – of handing this down to future caretakers so they can continue producing from the soil."
Terraced Vineyards and Natural Winemaking
A short walk away, the remaining cultivators of the collective are busily laboring on the precipitous slopes of the local river valley. One filmmaker has established over one hundred fifty plants situated on ledges in her expansive property, which tumbles down towards the silty local waterway. "People are always surprised," she notes, gesturing towards the interwoven vineyard. "It's astonishing to them they can see rows of vines in a city street."
Currently, the filmmaker, sixty, is harvesting clusters of dusty purple Rondo grapes from lines of vines arranged along the cliff-side with the assistance of her child, her family member. The conservationist, a wildlife and conservation film-maker who has worked on streaming service's nature programming and BBC Two's gardening shows, was inspired to plant grapes after observing her neighbor's grapevines. She's discovered that hobbyists can make interesting, pleasurable traditional vintage, which can command prices of upwards of seven pounds a glass in the growing number of establishments focusing on low-processing wines. "It's just incredibly satisfying that you can actually make quality, natural wine," she states. "It is quite fashionable, but in reality it's reviving an old way of making vintage."
"During foot-stomping the grapes, all the wild yeasts are released from the surfaces and enter the juice," says the winemaker, partially submerged in a bucket of tiny stems, seeds and crimson juice. "This represents how wines were made traditionally, but commercial producers introduce sulphur [dioxide] to eliminate the natural cultures and subsequently incorporate a commercially produced yeast."
Difficult Environments and Inventive Solutions
A few doors down sprightly retiree Bob Reeve, who inspired Scofield to establish her vines, has gathered his friends to pick white wine varieties from one hundred vines he has arranged precisely across multiple levels. The former teacher, a Lancashire-born physical education instructor who taught at Bristol University cultivated an interest in viticulture on annual sporting trips to France. But it is a challenge to grow Chardonnay grapes in the humidity of the valley, with cooling tides moving through from the Bristol Channel. "I wanted to make French-style vintages here, which is a bit bonkers," says Reeve with amusement. "This variety is slow-maturing and very sensitive to fungal infections."
"My goal was creating European-style vintages in this environment, which is rather ambitious"
The unpredictable Bristol climate is not the sole challenge encountered by grape cultivators. The gardener has been compelled to install a barrier on